View source for Project management methodology (PMM)

Project management methodology (PMM) is a system of principles, techniques, and procedures.

Factors in choosing a PM Method
* Project goals, objectives, and complexity
* Team - size, level of experience/training, location - remote/on-site, specialization of roles
* Timeline
* Budget
* Stakeholder expectations
* Values/organizational culture
* Ability to take risk
* Flexibility for change


The following is an overview of a few different PMM that hopefully inspires curiosity to learn more. Please contribute additional PMM or other examples to the '''[[DLF Project Managers Toolkit]]'''.[br]

[[File:Waterfall.png|200px|left]] waterfall (software development)
* detailed linear process of tasks in sequential order
* project flows downward like waterfall
* comprehensive, predictable and planned out
* focus on documentation
* good for large projects with multiple stakeholders
* not flexible, if assumptions are wrong, hard to pivot[br]

[[File:CPM.png|350px|left]] critical path method (CPM) (industry)
* identify and schedule tasks, duration and dependencies
* good for tight timelines and repetitive activities
* not good if unsure of timelines, durations for tasks
* not flexible if there are major changes


[[File:Agile.png|150px|left]] agile (software development)
* reaction to waterfall method http://agilemanifesto.org/   
* "early and often, adjust and iterate" 
* flexible and responsive to change 
* stakeholders must stay engaged and be available to provide timely feedback
* not always fast in practice if constantly changing deliverables
* not focused on comprehensive documentation

<br />
There are many agile approaches including scrum, kanban, feature-driven development, and extreme programming.


[[File:Scrum.png|300px|left]] scrum (software development)
* small, cross functional teams
* short sprints
* regular "stand-up" meeting 
* retrospectives after each sprint
* focus on continual optimization and improvements
* harder to do with fixed budgets and timelines
* self-managing teams can have issues with scope creep


[[File:Kanban.png|300px|left]] kanban (industry)
* billboard in Japanese
* simple, clear framework
* visualize workflow and tasks
* large and small teams, remote or in person
* not detailed "at-a-glance"
* not if complex, lots of steps in the process



hybrid/structured agile
* combine waterfall and agile methods
* focus on gathering and analyzing requirements then rapid iterations
* best of both worlds - structure and flexibility
* best for medium-sized project with high complexity and fixed budgets


[[File:SixSigma.png|200px|left]]
Lean Six Sigma (industry)
* Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control
* cut waste and maximize efficiency
* quality management, continuous improvement
* measuring > analyzing > improving
* large organizations or efficiency is an issue


Integrated Project Management (IPM)
* focus on documents like project charter, plan, execution, monitoring and change control
* meet regularly as team
* accountability
* time for planning


PRiSM Projects Integrating Sustainable Methods
* developed by Green Project Management Global
* account and minimize adverse environmental impacts
* extends beyond the end of the project
* factors in environmental costs and sustainability is key success criteria
* mostly geared to real estate and industrial projects


Approaches also worth noting:
* Human-centered design - creative approach to problem solving with three phases: inspiration, ideation, implementation; start with people in mind, try it out and test with people in an iterative process.
* Participatory decision-making - creative approach to enabling the entire group ownership and participation in decisions. It includes an emphasis on facilitation and concensus-building.
* Participatory Action Research (PAR) is an approach to research emphasizing co-creation, participation, and action by members of communities affected by the research.


== References ==
There are lots of great articles, presentations and grey lit out there on project management and digital libraries. We've created a Zotero Group library at https://www.zotero.org/groups/2205688/dlf_pmg? and encourage you to add more when you read something good.